
Spray Pyrolysis Deposited ZnO Nanopebbles as Room Temperature Ammonia Sensor
A nanopebble-textured ZnO film made by high-temperature spray pyrolysis selectively senses ammonia at room temperature down to 1 ppm.

Publications producing literal thin-film material forms — by spray pyrolysis, sputter deposition, or sol-gel dip coating — regardless of the specific deposition route, useful for browsing across every thin-film technique at once.

A nanopebble-textured ZnO film made by high-temperature spray pyrolysis selectively senses ammonia at room temperature down to 1 ppm.

A single sputter-deposited ZnO film shows the 'racetrack effect' creates a real spatial gradient in crystallite size, carrier mobility, and gas-sensing response across one nominally uniform substrate.

Substrate temperature controls ZnO film thickness and grain size in this zinc-nitrate-precursor study, with the thinnest, highest-resistance film giving the strongest acetaldehyde response.

Switching the spray-pyrolysis precursor solvent between water and ethanol tunes ZnO film thickness from 875 down to 150 nm, producing a distinctive water-hyacinth nanostructure along the way.

Spray-pyrolysis ZnO films made with different water-ethanol precursor solvents show the ethanol-only film selectively detects ethanolamine at room temperature, with a stable response over 30 days.

Fluorine doping shrinks ZnO crystallite size and increases micro-strain, and a 4 wt% fluorine-doped film gives the strongest, most selective room-temperature acetaldehyde response.

Precursor chemistry alone tunes spray-pyrolysis CeO2 sensing performance: the acetate-derived film forms nanosheets and gives the fastest, strongest room-temperature xylene response.

Silica and titanium dioxide powders made by stirred bead milling were pressed into pellets and separately deposited as thin films to compare their room-temperature oxygen response.

Pure and iron-doped ZnO thin films are grown by sol-gel dip coating, a low-temperature alternative to spray pyrolysis, to study how iron doping shapes the resulting nanostructure.

Precursor volume alone steers spray-pyrolysis ZnO toward either better conductivity or better gas sensing, with a distinctive nanopetal morphology forming at 30 mL.